Possible Results From DNA Tests

Inclusions

When the results obtained from the standard sample from a known individual are all consistent with or are all present in the results from the unknown crime scene sample, then the results are considered an inclusion or nonexclusion. The term "match" is also commonly used when the test results are consistent with the results from a known individual. That individual is included (cannot be excluded) as a possible source of the DNA found in the sample. Often, statistical frequencies regarding the rarity of the particular set of genetic information observed in the unknown evidence sample and for a known individual are provided for various population groups.

Types of Samples Suitable for DNA Testing

• Questioned or Unknown Samples
• Samples From Unidentified Bodies
• Reference Samples From Known Individuals
• Samples to Use When No Conventional Reference Samples Are Available
• Reference Samples From Individuals Who Have Been Transfused
• Use of Samples From Relatives for Testing
• Determination of Paternity or Maternity of a Child or Fetus